How to Write a CV UK

How to Write a CV for the UK Job Market in 2026

Published by LocalPage.uk Senior Content Architect | Last Updated: February 2026 | Reading Time: 15 mins

In the rapidly evolving landscape of the United Kingdom's employment market, the Curriculum Vitae (CV) remains the fundamental bridge between a candidate and their next professional milestone. As we progress through 2026, the intersection of technological filtering and a renewed emphasis on human-centric soft skills has redefined what constitutes a "perfect" document.

5.6m private sector businesses in the UK are currently competing for top-tier talent. With 99.3% of these being SMEs, the need for a CV that speaks directly to smaller, agile teams is more critical than ever.

Defining the Modern UK CV Standard

A UK CV is distinct from the international 'Resume'. Whilst the terms are often used interchangeably globally, in the UK, a CV is traditionally a two-page summary of your professional life, academic background, and relevant skills. It is an exercise in professional persuasion, designed to secure an interview rather than to document every minute detail of your past.

Adhering to British Formatting Conventions

The visual presentation of your CV is your first silent interaction with a recruiter. UK standards dictate a clean, minimalist aesthetic. Use a professional font such as Arial, Calibri, or Noto Sans at a size of 10 or 11 points for body text. Margin settings should typically remain at 2.5cm to ensure the document doesn't appear cluttered or overwhelming. In 2026, many UK firms use automated Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS), meaning complex graphics or columns should be avoided as they may hinder the software's ability to parse your data correctly.

Length and Structure: The Two-Page Golden Rule

Unless you are in an academic or senior medical field, your CV should not exceed two sides of A4. Recruiters in the UK spend an average of six to eight seconds on their initial scan. If your most relevant experience is buried on page three, it effectively does not exist. Ensure your most recent and impressive achievements are situated on the upper half of the first page—the "prime real estate" of professional documentation.

Prioritise Readability over Density

One of the most frequent errors observed by the British Chambers of Commerce is the use of dense paragraphs. Instead, employ bullet points to delineate responsibilities and achievements. This allows the reader's eye to navigate the document fluidly, picking up key phrases and data points whilst maintaining interest.

The Anatomy of a High-Impact UK Header

The top of your CV must contain your essential contact information. However, UK data privacy laws and anti-discrimination practices (supported by the Equality Act 2010) mean you should exclude certain personal details that are common in other jurisdictions.

Essential Contact Information and Privacy Compliance

Include your full name, a professional phone number, and a professional email address (avoiding nicknames). In the 2026 market, including a link to your LinkedIn profile is mandatory for most professional services. Do not include your date of birth, marital status, or a photograph. Including a photo is particularly discouraged in the UK as it can inadvertently lead to bias and may cause your CV to be rejected by HR departments seeking to remain compliant with diversity and inclusion policies.

The Evolution of the Personal Profile

Positioned immediately below your header, the personal profile (or professional summary) should be a punchy, three-to-five-line paragraph. This is your "elevator pitch". It must answer three questions: Who are you? What can you offer? What are your professional goals? Avoid using generic superlatives such as "hard-working individual" or "team player." Instead, focus on specific value propositions, such as "Prince2 certified Project Manager with 8 years' experience scaling tech startups in the Midlands."

Aligning Your Summary with Regional Needs

If you are applying for a role in a specific region, such as a tech hub in Manchester or a financial firm in Edinburgh, tailor your profile to reflect your understanding of that local market. Mentioning your willingness to relocate or your existing connection to the Scottish Enterprise network can differentiate you from distant candidates.

76% of UK recruiters now use AI-driven tools to filter CVs before a human ever reads them.

Using the correct keywords from the job description is no longer optional—it is a survival mechanism.

Mastering the Professional Experience Section

This is the engine room of your CV. In the UK, we use a reverse-chronological format, starting with your most recent role and working backwards. This provides immediate context for your current seniority and skill level.

Quantifying Achievements with Data

UK employers, particularly in the retail and hospitality sectors, are increasingly data-driven. Rather than simply listing duties (e.g., "Managed a team"), describe the impact (e.g., "Led a team of 12 to increase quarterly turnover by 15% across the South West region"). Use "action verbs" such as 'optimised', 'developed', 'coordinated', and 'delivered' to start your bullet points.

Addressing Employment Gaps and Career Transitions

Gaps in employment are more common than ever following the economic shifts of 2024-2025. Be transparent but brief. If you took time for professional development, caring responsibilities, or travel, list it as a one-line entry. UK recruiters value honesty and the ability to demonstrate what was learnt during that period. If you are transitioning from one sector to another, focus on "transferable skills" that show how your previous experience in, for example, the Welsh manufacturing sector applies to a new role in London's logistics industry.

Distinguishing Between Roles and Responsibilities

Ensure that you clearly distinguish between the scope of your role (the "what") and your specific contributions (the "how well"). For example, under a heading for a role in a Northern Ireland-based export firm, you might highlight your expertise in navigating the Windsor Framework as a specific, high-value achievement.

Education and Professional Development

The relevance of your education section depends heavily on your career stage. For recent graduates, this should be prominent; for experienced professionals, it can be a concise section toward the end of the document.

UK Qualification Standards

List your highest qualification first. Include the institution name, the dates of study, and the specific degree title. For A-Levels and GCSEs, you do not need to list every subject unless they are directly relevant to the role or you are an entry-level candidate. Simply stating "3 A-Levels including Mathematics" or "10 GCSEs including English and Maths" is sufficient for most UK employers.

Vocational Training and Industry Certifications

With the rise of the digital economy, professional certifications from bodies like the FCA for finance, or various trade-specific qualifications for construction, carry significant weight. If you have completed training through Scottish Enterprise or Business Wales, ensure these are highlighted, as they demonstrate a commitment to regional professional standards.

Pro Tip: In 2026, "micro-credentials" and digital badges are becoming highly valued in the UK. If you have completed specific high-level training in AI integration or sustainability compliance, place these prominently under a 'Professional Development' header.

Showcasing Technical and Soft Skills

The skills section should be a curated list that mirrors the requirements found in the job specification. It is not a place for "filler" content.

The Rise of "Human-Centric" Skills

As AI handles more technical tasks, UK businesses are placing a premium on soft skills such as emotional intelligence, complex problem-solving, and adaptability. However, don't just list these words; integrate them into your experience section with examples of how you used them to resolve a conflict or lead a project through a period of change.

Industry-Specific Software and Tools

Whether it's CRM systems like Salesforce, accounting software like Xero (popular among UK SMEs), or specific CAD tools for engineers in the North East, be specific about your proficiency. In the UK, it is common to categorise skills into 'Technical', 'Language', and 'Soft Skills' to provide a structured overview for the recruiter.

Navigating Regional Nuances Across the UK

Whilst CV standards are generally consistent across the four nations, understanding the local context can give you a competitive advantage.

Applying for Roles in Scotland and Wales

In Scotland, awareness of the specific regulatory environment and local authorities can be beneficial. Mentioning experience with Scottish government grants or the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) shows local expertise. In Wales, if a role is "bilingual desirable", clearly state your proficiency in the Welsh language at the top of your skills section. Reference any mentorship or support received through Business Wales to show your integration into the local business community.

The Northern Ireland and London Context

For Northern Ireland, knowledge of cross-border trade and the specific economic drivers of the region is often highly valued. In contrast, London and the South East are highly competitive hubs where brevity and high-impact "power words" are essential to stand out amongst thousands of applicants. Startups in Shoreditch may appreciate a slightly more creative (yet still professional) layout, whereas traditional firms in the City will expect a strictly formal approach.

"What is the best CV format for UK jobs in 2026?"

The reverse-chronological format remains the gold standard. It is preferred by both human recruiters and Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) because it clearly displays your career progression and most recent achievements first.

"Should I include my address on my CV?"

In 2026, you generally only need to include your town and county (e.g., Reading, Berkshire). Full addresses are rarely required at the application stage and omitting them protects your privacy on digital job boards.

Common CV Pitfalls to Avoid in the UK

Even a highly qualified candidate can be rejected due to preventable errors. Accuracy and attention to detail are viewed as proxies for your professional performance.

The Danger of Generic Applications

Sending the same CV to fifty different employers is the fastest way to receive fifty rejections. Tailoring is the most effective strategy. Study the "Person Specification" provided by the employer and ensure the keywords used there appear naturally in your document. UK employers want to see that you have specifically chosen them, rather than just any business in their sector.

Language and Proofreading Essentials

Ensure your spell-checker is set to 'English (United Kingdom)'. Using 'optimize' instead of 'optimise' or 'center' instead of 'centre' can signal a lack of attention to local norms. Furthermore, avoid clichés. Words like "dynamic," "passionate," and "innovative" have lost their impact through over-use. Use the "Show, Don't Tell" principle—don't tell them you are innovative; show them by describing a time you improved a process.

The Impact of Professional References

In the UK, it is standard practice to state "References available upon request" at the very end of your CV. Do not list the names and contact details of your referees on the document itself. This saves space and protects the privacy of your former colleagues until the stage where an offer is imminent.

Leveraging Digital Tools and AI Responsibly

While AI can help you draft your CV, it should never be the sole author. Recruiter's in 2026 are highly adept at spotting "hallucinated" or overly robotic content.

Using AI for Keyword Optimisation

Tools can be excellent for identifying keywords you might have missed. However, ensure that any bullet points generated by AI are edited to reflect your actual experiences and the British voice. The tone should remain measured and authoritative, not hyperbolic.

The Importance of the PDF Format

Unless specifically asked for a Word document, always save and send your CV as a PDF. This ensures that your formatting remains exactly as you intended, regardless of the device or software the recruiter uses to open it. It also prevents accidental edits and maintains a professional "finished" appearance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to include a photo on my UK CV?

No. In the UK, including a photograph is generally discouraged and often leads to the CV being rejected for compliance reasons. Employers want to avoid any potential for unconscious bias in the initial screening process, focusing solely on your skills and experience.

How many pages should my CV be?

For the vast majority of UK roles, two pages is the standard. If you are a student or entry-level candidate, a single page is acceptable. Only senior academics or medical professionals should consider a longer format to accommodate extensive lists of publications or research.

What is the best font for a CV in the UK?

Choose a professional, clean sans-serif font like Calibri, Arial, or Noto Sans. These are easily readable by both humans and Applicant Tracking Systems. Avoid overly decorative or "quirky" fonts which can appear unprofessional and disrupt automated scanning tools.

Should I include my references on the CV?

No. It is standard to write "References available upon request." This saves valuable space and ensures you can give your referees a "heads-up" before they are contacted. It also prevents their personal data from being distributed unnecessarily.

Is it okay to have gaps in my employment history?

Yes, as long as they are explained. UK recruiters understand that career paths are rarely linear. Briefly mention the reason for the gap (e.g., career break, further study, or family commitments) to show transparency and maintain the timeline of your document.

Do I need a separate CV for every job application?

Ideally, yes. While the core of your CV remains the same, you should "tailor" the personal profile and the emphasis of your bullet points to match the specific job description. This shows the employer that you are a perfect fit for their particular needs.

Should I list all my GCSE subjects?

Only if you are a school leaver or if a specific subject is relevant to the job. For most roles, simply stating the number of GCSEs and specifically mentioning English and Maths (e.g., "10 GCSEs at grades 9-4 including English and Maths") is sufficient.

What's the difference between a CV and a Resume?

In the UK, 'CV' is the standard term and it usually runs to two pages. In the US, a 'Resume' is typically a one-page summary. In most UK contexts, if an employer asks for a resume, they usually mean a standard two-page UK CV.

Can I use ChatGPT to write my CV?

You can use AI as a drafting tool or to help with wording, but avoid copying and pasting directly. AI often uses Americanisms and "hype" language that doesn't sit well with UK recruiters. Always edit the output to ensure it sounds like you and is factually accurate.

Should I include my interests and hobbies?

Keep this section very brief. Only include hobbies that demonstrate relevant soft skills (like team sports) or unique achievements (like charity marathons). Avoid generic lists like "socialising with friends" which add no professional value.